Charge distributing means for rotatable drums



Feb. 4, 1958 J. F. BAIER 2,822,076

CHARGE DISTRIBUTING MEANS FOR ROTATABLE DRUMS Filed Jan. 26, 1956 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Y N TINVENTOR JOHN F- BA If /M A TTOENEYS Feb. 4, 1958 J. F. BAIER 2,822,076

CHARGE DISTRIBUTING MEANS FOR ROTATABLE DRUMS Filed Jan. 26, 1956 SPREAD 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 SPREAD IN VEN TOR.

JOHN F- BA w BY M,% W %M ATTOP/WSYS Feb. 4, 1958 J. F. BAIER 2,822,076

CHARGE DISTRIBUTING MEANS FOR ROTATABLE DRUMS Filed Jan. 26, 1956 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 L/ao" SPREAD 6 INVENTOR.

JOHN F BA/EE- M/M /M-\ 91 ATTOENYS Feb. 4, 1958 CHARGE DISTRIBUT Filed Jan. 26. 1956 SPREAD 2 P INVENTOR. JOHN F. 5/! n5 BY M, M

Feb. 4,,1958 J. F. BAIER 2,822,076

CHARGE DISTRIBUTING MEANS FOR ROTATABLE DRUMS Filed Jan. 26, 1956 s Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. 7 JOHN EBA IE)?- CHARGE; DISTRIBUTING MEA NSzFORl .1

ROTATA-BLE DRUMS.

John Fl Baiem Cleveland? Ohio, assignor mAuhm-G'.

McKee 1& Company; Cleveland; Ohio, a corporation of Delaware r Applicationlanuaryr26,T1956,.Srial N.-.-561,432

15 :Claimso (Cl;198 42) This. invention relates to rotatable 'drums supported withithe axis of rotation-=thereof inclined whereby pellets,

during rotation thereof rather than 'being "deposited fall inaonezrlocation as would bethe case if the 'drum'discharge :end were cut offon a p1a ne=normal to the axis ofrotation;

I have illustrated my invention-as applied" to *a cylin dricazl' drum .for 'forming balls orpell'ets'of moistened pulverized material, for example a a --moistened pulverized metallic. ore 'or-concentrate thereof. However it will be understood that. my improved apparatus is adapted :to.

beaemployed wherever. it is desired to discharge material; 1n ..-the.. form: of ;balls,.- particles,- granulesg nodules'," etc.', from .a'rotatable. drum on to a receivirigmeanssuch as avibrating screen or conveyer belt.

It is *amonggthe objects of my invention 'to provide an improved charge distributing 'r'neans for rotatable drums whereby athe. discharged material will be distrib uted .overzargreateriarea and a longer distance 'axially of the :dn mzt hanris possible with-previously proposed drumv dIStIIbHHOIIHICHHSLE Other objects of m'y invention includethe provision of rcharge distributing means for rotatable .drums whereby, r by design modifications here inaf-ter. explained, the material-discharged maybe spread axially. during: each revolution of t the drum for varying distances-,1 i.. e., from-a ldlStHIlCC which is considerably shorter than the .forward movement of t the material "during one revolution;:to a :distance which is substantially greaterdhanwsaidtfforward movement; the provision of an .improved .drunrzdischarge end' "structure which will discharge material-dlargelyf during certain portions ODlYf oi. eachrevolution ,-.of. the drumwher'eby, during non-dis char-get-periods, the previously discharged material may be screened or transportedraway from the point of discharge -bye conveyer'belt or 'the like; and the provision of-animproved drumzdischarge means which is particularly adapted for v :the handling of moist' and relatively softvpellets ofipulverized .metallic ore or concentrates thereofand which prevents undesirable pilingup and sticking 1 tOgEiEhEIE'Of 'the :inclividual pelle'ts at the 1 point ofadischarge;

Therabove andi other objects ofmy invention will ap peamfrom:theLfollowingidescription of several embodimE'HtS'ilhEIGOfi.I'efBTfiIlCC. being had to the accompanying drawings in which:

isa:side' elevational view 'of a ballingdrum foriifomnmgzpellets'i of rnoistened:pulverized ore COHCEIF trateshavzing myuimproved charge distributing apparatus incorporated therein}; t

2,822,076 Patented Feb. 4, 1958 Figure" 2"is an end viewrof the apparatusshbwn" in Figure" 1, takemsubstantially'on line 2 2 of 'Figure 1.

Figure'-3" is-aplan'view ofthe discharge'end of'i'a drum *provided with one form *of" my;-'improved distrib uting apparatus:

Figure4 is a development 0f the discharge endi'of'the drum" shown-in Figure 3.

Figure "5 is a*view"'simil'ar to "'view 3'but sh'owirig a' modified charge"distributinggend formatiomwhereby the:

charge; is-distributed through a greater axialdistance and for a greater part of a revolution than with the -appaa ratus of Figure '3.

Figure 6 is i a development of the discharge endof the drum of Figure 5:

Figurefl is a view generally --si1i1ilar "to Figures 3*and 5 but 'illiist-rating still another-modification of my"'in=' ventidn whereby a 'still' greater axial spread of material from =th'esdiseharge-end of the drum is obtainedr Figure-=8 is a-develo'pmenb ofthe discharge end of the drum of Figure-7 Figure 9 is a view generally similar to Figure 3 but illustrating amodifidstructure whereby 'spill-off'from the extreme-outer edges-of the drum discharge end st-rue ture may be prevented or -reduced! Figure l0 is -a view-generally similarto Fi'g'ure -3'but illustrating-" a -in0difieddrum end" construction whereby-- the materiah being handled is discharged ordistributed from=both the inner andouter edgesof th'e tongues;

Referring now to Figure 1, the 'drum'D'is an-elongated tubular.- cylindrical" structure open atboth ends and-sup; p01'te'd Wllh"ltS axis of rotation inclined 'to the horizontal as indicated Suitable supports 1i and frame 7 structure ZIJare-providedto elevate the drum above the level 'of the floor: 35- Thetrack rings 4-.and 5 zencircle-and-are secured'tto the drum D and; as seen *in Figure 2, are supported-.on*spaced'rolls 6" and 7." End thrust 'roIls-S and 9, with their axes normal to the axis of the-rotation OffIhfi' drum, are provided to support the-drum axially. Rotation of the .drum is efiected 'by motor lll' 'which drives a pinion '11 .througha suitable-gear box 12. Thisdr'um' driving apparatus is. carried by the frame -2 and the pinion meshes .with a large :ring gear-13 -which 'encirclessandis secured .to the .drumxDI Thus .when the motor lll is driven :in the proper direction the. drum Will be -rotated about its longitudinal: axis. 1

A conveyor belt. is diagrammatically illustrated at -l l and is positioned to.discharge"materialfinto the upper; (right hand) orcharging endiofttheudrumvD land 'suehmateriaLj-due to the inclinationandrrotationalimovernent ofthe .drum, will travel, axially therethrough ontthe lower portion of the inner wall thereof at a rate which wi'lllbet determined by the angle of inclination fof'ithe :drum;:the particular properties of 'thexmaterial being handled zine, particle size, moisture .content,.etc.,: and,stotaz:ertain;de-J gree, the speed of rotation of the drum;

In .the formation of pellets of.moistenedipulveriz'ed ore .or the like, material 'is'. charged :in'tothesaupper end of the drum and a coating of the moist mud-like; material is formed on the entire inner surface :of tthe :dIlIInZ'f. A cutter bar, not shown, may "be supported to.:veXtendthrough the drum from end to. end to maintain the thick-. ness of this inner coating at the :desiredjvalue; Also fed. into the upper :enteringenda of-.the;:drnm.;areiseed particles .or pellets of smaller size ,thanultimatelwde. sired. Asthe. drum...rotates these seed..particles zarerolledover the surface of the moist material-in thedruirr and pick up in snowball fashion .additionalmateria-h whereby their size is increased; The pellets also travel. longitudinallythrough,,the drum and, for a given material'gdrumspeedand 'inclinationof the bottom surface. of the drum-these pellets will travel'al'o'ng the drumsu'b stantially :.-the same distance for each-revolution ofthe" drum. This disance of advance of the material particles per revolution at the discharge end may be referred to as the pitch and is indicated by the reference character P on the drawings. It will be understood that this pitch may vary for different conditions and materials and in designing my improved charge distributing apparatus the pitch for the particular material and drum should'lfirst be determined and taken into consideration as will later appear.

As shown in the drawings the drum is cylindrical but it might of course be made frusto-conical or of other longitudinal configuration. In a cylindrical drum the pitch or distance of advance per revolution would be substantially constant from the inlet end to the discharge end but in drums of varying diameter or wherein the angle of inclination of the lowermost portion varies longitudinally, the advance per revolution or pitch would vary at different longitudinal locations in the drum. However it is the rate or distance of advance or travel per revolution at the discharge end of the drum which must be taken into consideration in designing my improved distributing apparatus, and where the terms pitch, travel or advance are used herein it is understood that they refer to that which obtains at the discharge end of the drum.

When the material moving through the drum D reaches the lower (left hand) or discharge end it drops out of the drum on to a vibrating screen S which is also inclined to the horizontal as seen in Figure 2 and mounted on suitable supports 15 and 15'. Any suitable means, indicated schematically at 16, may be employed for vibrating the screen S. It will be apparent that the pellets which are discharged from the lower end of the drum D will travel down the vibrating screen S to the lower (right hand in Figure 2) end thereof during which travel the undersized pellets will pass through the screen on to a suitable conveyer (not shown) for return to the charging end of the drum D. The properly sized pellets which have not passed through the screen S will be discharged therefrom onto the conveyer belt 17 which transports them to the next stage of the process.

Although I have illustrated the drum as discharging onto an inclined vibrating screen Sit will be understood that in some applications it might be desirable to deposit the discharge from the drum on a conveyer belt or other similar apparatus and, as Will appear more fully later, my invention is desirable for such applications because it spreads the material for a substantial distance in a direction axially of the drum. This same feature is of course extremely desirable in case of discharge to a vibrating screen as it greatly facilitates rapid and complete screening of the material as it eliminates piling up of the material in a single location with resulting sticking together of the moist pellets in large gobs or bunches which prevent effective screening thereof.

Referring now to Figures 3 and 4, Figure 3 may be considered to be an enlarged plan view of the discharge end of the drum D shown in Figures 1 and 2. In this view the distance P represents the travel of a single particle or pellet axially in the drum D during one revolution thereof. For purposes of illustration this distance P has been divided into four parts, each of which represents the advance or axial travel of a particle in the drum during onefourth revolution. The discharge distributing means of Figure 3 comprises a pair of opposed tapered tongue members T and T. These tongues T and T are aligned with and lie within an extension of the wall'of the body of the drum D. Each tongue has a root portion 18 and a tip portion 19, the root portions being joined to the body of the drum. As clearly seen in Figure 4 each tongue T and T extends through 90 degrees of the circumference of the drum.

The discharge end of the drum D also includes a pair of helical end edge portions 20 and 21, extending respectively fgom starting points 20' and 21' at the discharge endof the body of the drum (Figure 4). The outer edge 22 of tongue T is an extension of helical end portion 21 and is parallel to the drum end edge 20 while the outer edge 23 of tongue T is an extension of helical end portion 20 and parallel to end portion 21.

Tongue T has an inner or distributing edge 24 which extends from the outer or tip end portion 19 thereof helically, at a greater angle of inclination than its outer edge 22, back to the end edge portion 20 of the drum body at the starting point 20' thereof. For structural reasons the tips of the tongues and the junction thereof with the body are preferably not brought to a sharp point but are squared off slightly as indicated at 25 and 26 (Figure 4). The tongue T is identical to the tongue T and has a distributing edge 26 extending from the tip 19 thereof back to the end edge 21 of the drum body at its starting point 21. When the developed end formation shown in Figure 4 is rolled into cylindrical form, as by lifting both ends of the developed view and bringing them together, the structure shown in Figure 3 results.

In describing the operation of this apparatus to distribute material from the discharge end of the drum it should be kept in mind that the material advances axially of the drum the distance indicated at P in a single revolution of the drum. It will be observed that the helix angles of the helical end edge portions 20 and 21 of the drum and outer edges 22 and 23 of the tongues T and T are such that these edges, during rotation of the drum in the direction of the arrow in the drawings, advance at substantially the same rate as the material in the bottom portion of the drum and may be described as lying on a pitch line of the material being handled.

Thus a particular pellet, indicated on Figure 4 at 27, will travel, during rotation of the drum through degrees in the direction of the arrow, to the point 27 and will have advanced axially a distance equal to one-fourth P during this 90 degrees of rotation of the drum. In effect the pellet 27 would stay right at the end edge 21 until the drum has been rotated through degrees at which time it reaches the point 27" (indicated both at the upper and lower ends of the developed view of Figure 4). At this point the pellet enters the tongue T and will stay at the outer edge 22 thereof through a further 90 degrees of rotation at which time it reaches point 27 and thereupon drops off from the tip of the tongue on to screen S.

In operation there are, of course, a succession of pellets following one another down the inner bottom surface of the drum. These pellets are continually advancing toward the end edges 20 and 21 of the drum but, except for possible drop-off of a relatively small number of pellets which may be due to lack of full coordination of the rate of axial pellet travel and the helix angles of the drum edges, they do not drop off from these edges, nor from g the outer edges 22 and 23 of tongues T and T, because all of these helical edges advance at substantially the same rate as the pellets. When the root portion 18 of tongue T is at the bottom of the drum during rotation thereof (as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4) there will be a series of pellets extending thereacross out to the outer edge 23 of the tongue. The outermost of these pellets is indicated at 29 in Figure 4 and rotation in the direction of the arrow through the first 90 degrees will result in the pellet 29 arriving at point 29 at the tip end of tongue T. The pellets between pellets 29 and 27 will, during this first 90 degrees of rotation of the drum, drop olf successively from the distributing edge 26 of tongue T as suggested by the small arrows along edge 26 and will, as indicated on Figures 3 and 4, be spread in a direction axially of the drum for a distance equal to three-fourths P. During this first 90 degrees of rotation the pellets following pellet 27 will advance until pellet 28 reaches point 28. As the second 90 degrees of rotation occurs pellet 28 advances to point 28 while during the third 90 degrees the pellets indicated at 27" to 28" will successively drop off from distributing.

easemen edge-2.4 'of tongueT' and he deposited onscreen S in a line: parallel to'the drum axis and approximately threefourths Pin length.

From-the above'explahationit I will" be understood that pellets will *be -disoharged'from the distributing: edges 24 5 i and 26 of tongues'T end'T duringevery other-90 degrees of'rotatiom of :thedrum while during the intermediate 90 degrees ofrotatiohtherewill theoretieallybe nodischarge of -pelle'ts--from the- :drhmw Of 'oourse in =act-ua1 operation absolute coondi-r'iation of the 'helix -'angles' of -theedges E and the spee'd 'of' edvance of the' peilets may not he possib-I'e so-thatwhere may "be some dis'chargem-frbm' the end edge portioheofthte 'dr'um body ;andrthewouter edges of the tongues::-

As noted abeve the axialleiigth of the-path of' distributiom'of' the pellets from the tongues -'Iand-T" is equal substantially to three-fourths P with the K arrangement" shown-in- "Figuresfi "and4. Furthermore =the *pe1lets are" beingdistribute'd' during a total of 180de'grees-out ofeachfullirevolutiorrofithei'drumr. This ;results ina materially better"distriliutiorpatterrr than-can be ohtained by-any'* arrangement using mere"scal1op s- :01" projections :as dis tinguishedfrom trailing or'reentrantdistributing' tongues: as" described hereinx In Figures 5 and '6 a modified khrge'dis'tributin'g endifo'f a rotatabletirhm is ill'ustratedfi Thisiembodimenttofmyinvention is 'somewhat similargto "that shown :in" FiguresB and '4 but varies therefrom iii-that theto'ngues' T and T""'eaeh "extend eircumferentially through 180 degreesof the circumference ofthe dr'urn'D. The drum end edge portiohs"31and-32 extend 'helically' on the pitch line. of the material: travel-ling --through ithedrum in "the same manner asexplain'ed in reference torFigures-ia 'and4 and the outer edges 33 1and134 of tongues T? and "I" re-" spectivelytconstituteextensions'-of;thedrum-end edge por-g' ti0ns":32 and 31".. Thedi'stributing '1 edges "and 3610f ton-gues- T and "T'" extend from the :outer "tips of thef tongues inwardly to join the adja'eenb'end edgeportions' 31- andySZrespectivelY of the drum body; These'inner ordistributi-ng-edges-SS and'dfi of the tongues may'be defir'i'edas extending from-the adjacent'end edge portions of-the"-dr1nn tothe outer'e'dges of the tongues in-*-a direction opposite "to'the-"directionof-rotationof the drum: ThusunrFigureo the-directionmf'iotation of the drurn'is ind-ic'atectbythe downwardly gagintedv arrowwhile the dis tributing edgeGG ot tongue T""""extends upwardly-5 o'p posite-to the direction of' -'r'otation-) *from th'e adjacent -endedge *aportion 32"of= the-'drum' to the outeredge' 34 of' tongue- T The omen-edges33-:hnd-34 bf-the 'tongues arewubsta ntia'llyparallel -to-the *adjflcent end- "edg"e-portions -31 andfilhof the drum body?- The tongues have their wide root portions joined m the-*bod3='portidn of the-drurn= and-metapering-tip portidns extending ci-rcumferentialljfi in a direct-ionopposite to thedir'eotionaof rotation of'the dru'ms. Thus when-theapparatus is inoperation=the;tapered tongues'may-be de scribed hs trailing as-their large root i ends move fore mustn- The=-apparatm ofFigures-S and fi zwillyas indicated on thewdrawings-,'= distribute materiah for -a -=-distanee iaxiallyofith'emdrum equal: .to' t the :distance l-P (through 'which' the materials; advances :in one revolution) Furthermore there will: be :no lpart of the-rotation 'of the drum during which materialrzwil'linotzbeadistributed thertefrom because asrsonnzas: distribution from tongue T" is completedaften 180 degreesiof tievolution;tdistribution from:tongue Ty" starts andazeontinues for-zsthemext: 180degreesr- Stiltrhnothen modification of my irnproveddrum charge: distributing meanssis sshowrriinFigures: 7 "and: 8 whereinaasingletetonguer.-T:' extendsrthrough; a full 3 60 degrees ofirthemireumferenceeof the'drum: As in theprevious ernhodimentsgithelendiedge ,portion t :of the body of the dnumnDu" hastaa -starting epoint :40! 1* and flies on a helix: whichtzcornespondstito; the:pitch;linesof. the "material passiugithmughzthe drums Theiinnereor:zdistributingledgetstl ofairurneD": extendszhelicallytrom the; outer; edgem of: tongue; T'1' at-zthettipxend ,thereofhelically, back; to :ithelt endredgeeAObfsihevdrum-at starting point 40'. A -rei foreing; :ba12,,-ors arm 43;;may be employed to :connect*:.:.the;a extremeutip:offionguez17"" to; the adjacent .root portion thereof t end-, if-hecessary or "desirable; other :reinforcing'; members. ofvsimilar :nature ,can' be applied :to stiffen uthe 1 distrihutingutonguesiin :anynof :thetembodimentsmf-my in-r vention: illustrated ;herein.- it

With-rth'e; rapparatusuofeFig'ures :57 and E8 Ether: pelletsz: or other i material t are distributed-axially of athe zdrumrforea: distetncetequalmto :two 1 P. "i. Thus. in a tsingle:xevolution zofi thel't'drumnmatertiazluwfll the; discharged: :from {the :distn'butez in gtwedg'e Almfdhettongue :T"" from :the point 40- atttthet innen-endmmroot of itheztonguelto .the :point: :41 attthes outen tiprofvthev tongue: This elongated: distribution ,pathz wii l'resultiin :8; relatively .thin-tspreading :oftthe pelletstror the lile'onrto thetlscreenvs and-:this linealxelongatedud tribution wilt betrepeated during :each' revolution :of the drum It has previously been noted that the helix angle'wora ang1e of'-'advanee* .ofttheend edge portions of a drum ernbodyin g my inventidmis preferably equal to the rate of adva'uee or piteh of the=-material passing through the drum t Withi such anarrangement, asals'o -previous1y noted the =-pe11ets= 'or the -like will theoretically stay rig-ht at=the 0utenedges of th'e drurn-zend portion. In practicehowever th'is -theo-reticah operation may not obtain and; to assist in*preventirig drbp off from the end edgeportio'ns of-the drumbody andwthe outer edges of the distributing tongues; thestructuresaillfistrated may be-modified as 'in' diCtated-dn Figu-re 9 when and if such drop off is uncle -v sirahie'". This-view followeFigure 3 and the curved-How dash linesare id'e'ritieaii -to the drum 1 end edgemortions and tongue outer edges shown in Figure 3. In Figure-9 howeverthe end edge portions '45 and 46 are"axia liy oifset in a do'wn-stream direction 'fronr the theoretical, 'dot and dafsh piteh linee 1 Thus; with the -apparatus=of Figure- 9, --mate-'rial passing -thr'ough" the -'drumwill be disposed: alohg-=-the bott0mportiomthereof and"theoreticaliywould' nevertravele beyondthe dot-da'sir piteh lines :zlnd'ith'us" would a11=be-diseha1ged-from the *distributirig edges 147" and 48 ofth'etongues: Y The-:extension -ofth'e structure: beyond-these-theoretical pitch lines will serve-to prevent* spi l-l' over or drop=oifitrom-the outer edgesn Asamalteri native, to -assist iin' preventing drop-otFfrbm the "outer edges of-drums-'incorporating -my 'inventidn; inwardly projecting flanges may be secured alongythese edgesgfrbin the-"starting-poin'ts of the drumend-edg'eportions out "to, thetip ends 'of the outeredges:of'the-tongues: i Whether on not ei-ther-of the-alternatives referred to, aboveare em ployed willdepend "upon the 'type of material 'being han dled and other operational-I- factors."

In Figure--10 I ha-ve'illustrated a modified form? of thetrailingdistributing tonguesof; my improved drum end P COHStIUCtiOIlr This view-illustrates the same 'general 'ar ranger-nent as shown-in Figure 35 i. :e.,- eachxof the twe tonguesextending through degrees of -"the:circumfer-; ence'of' the dischargeendof the drum" and; inorderrnore clearly to *in'die'ate; the difference between the 'structureof Figure-10=and that of-Fig'ure 3 ;the tongues of Figure have-bee n-indicated 'orrFi'gure -10 fin do't' anddash lines. As previously explained "in discussing Figure '3 the outer; edge 22 of tongue Thd-the-outeredge 23*oftongue T are exte nsionsof the hehe-aiend "portions'of -the drum and are'perallel -fespeetively -to the end portions 20 and 211i In-"theembodin'ientof Figure =1O"the tongue- 'SOIhas an? outer end edge portion 51 and -aninner edge- 'p0rtio'n-52 and; sirnila r'ly the tongue -53has-anend edge :portion 54" and an inner-edge portion55. As distinguished fromdhe structure'ofi Figiire-G however-the outer-end edge pop-- tions- 51 -'and:54 'of ;tongues-50 and 53 are extensions ofbuthremotwparal'lel tO theWdI Um1CI-Jd portions-56 and-557' buttsrathem'converge thereto: t The -inner-z-ordistributing I edges 10f the tongues- 50 and-SBFeXtend from'the "tiP S 'Qf the tongues back to the starting points of the drum end portions but at a lesser angle than was the case in the structure of Figure 3. The result of the tongue form shown in Figure 10 will be that the pellets or the like which are discharged from the tongues during rotation of the drum will be discharged and distributed not only from the inner edges 52 and 55 of the tongues 50 and 53 but also from the outer end edges 51 and 54 thereof. This type of distribution, although it gives a smaller length of spread of the material than was the case in the apparatus of Figure 3, may be desirable for some types of materials and applications. It will be understood that the angle of convergence of the outer edges of the tongues toward the drum end edges may be varied as desired with corresponding variation of the angle of the inner tongue edges. It will also be understood that in some instances it may be desirable to provide a plurality of distributing tongues the edges of some of which extend at difierent angles relative to the helical end edges of the drum than do the edges of others, thus further varying the discharge pattern.

Although I have described the illustrated embodiments of my invention in considerable detail it will be understood that variations and modifications may be made in my drum discharge apparatus without departing from the spirit of my invention. For example, it is not essential that the drum be cylindrical as my invention is adapted to elfect discharge from drums which are of varying diameter at ditferent longitudinal locations such as frusto-conical or partially cylindrical and partially frusto-conical in form. Accordingly, I do not wish to be limited to the exact structures herein shown and described but claim as my invention all embodiments thereof coming within the scope of the appended claims.

- I claim:

1. Charge distributing means for an inclined rotatable drum structure on the lower inner surface of which material is adapted to travel in an axial direction during rotation thereof in one direction, said drum having an open lower end from which said material is discharged, including, a helical end edge portion extending circumferentially of said drum from a starting point at said lower end thereof, and a trailing distributing tongue at said lower end of said drum, said tongue having a root portion joined to said drum and a tip portion extending from said root portion in a direction opposite to said direction of rotation of said drum and axially spaced from said drum end edge.

2. Charge distributing means for an inclined rotatable drum structure on the lower inner surface of which material is adapted to travel in an axial direction during rotation thereof in one direction including, an end edge portion extending from a starting point at the lower end of said drum circumferentially thereof at an angle to a plane normal to the axis of rotation of said drum, and a tapered trailing distributing tongue at said lower end of said drum, said tongue having an outer edge substantially parallel to said end edge portion of said drum and an inner edge extending from said end edge portion of said drum circumferentially in a direction opposite to said direction of rotation to said outer edge of said tongue whereby material traveling through said drum during rotation thereof in said one direction will be discharged from said inner edge of said tongue.

3. Charge distributing means for an inclined rotatable drum structure on the lower inner surface of which material is adapted to travel in an axial direction during rotation thereof in one direction including, a plurality of end edge portions extending respectively from spaced starting points at the lower end of said drum circumferentially thereof at an angle to a plane normal to the axis of rotation of said drum, and a plurality of tapered trailing distributing tongues at said lower end of said drum, said tongues each having an outer edge substantially parallel to anadjacent end edge portion .ofsaid drum and an inner edge extending from said adjacent end edge portion of said drum circumferentially ma direction opposite to said direction of rotation to said outer edge whereby material traveling through said drum during rotation thereof in said one direction will be discharged from said inner edges of said tongues.

4. In a rotatable drum having a discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material therein will travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during one revolution of said drum, charge distributing means including, a plurality of end edge portions on said drum extending helically respectively from circumferentially spaced starting points at said discharge end, the

helix angle of said end edge portions being such that each said end-edge portion, at points thereon circumferentially spaced from its starting point, will be disposed a distance axially from its starting point equal substantially to the distance said material would travel axially at said discharge end of said drum during rotation through an are equal to the angular distance from said starting point to said circumferential point in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, and a plurality of trailing distributing tongues one spaced axially from each of said end edge portions and extending from said starting points in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, the outer edges of said tongues being substantially parallel to the adjacent end edge portions of said drum, and the axial width of said tongues being greatest at said starting points and diminishing to the outer ends thereof.

5. In a rotatable drum having a discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material therein will travel axially a given distance at said discharge end during one revolution of said drum, charge distributing means including, a plurality of end edge portions on said drum extending helically respectively from circumferentially spaced starting points at said discharge end, the helix angle of said end edge portions being such that each said end edge portion, at points thereon circumferentially spaced from its starting point, will be disposed a distance axially from its starting point equal at least to the distance said material would travel axially at said dis charge end of said drum during rotation through an are equal to the angular distance from said starting point to said circumferential point in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, and a plurality of trailing distributing tongues one spaced axially from each" ofsaid end edge portions and extending from said starting points in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, the axial width of said tongues being greatest at said starting points and diminishing to the outer ends thereof.

6. In combination with a rotatable drum having a body portion supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material charged therein will travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during one revolution of said drum, said drum being adapted to be rotated in one direction, charge distributing means including an end edge portion on said drum extending helically at said discharge end, and a tapered trailing distributing tongue having a root portion joined to said body portion and a tip portion extending circumferentially in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, said tongue having an inner edge diverging from said end edge portion of said body portion in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum.

7. In combination with a rotatable drum having a body portion supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material charged therein will travel axially a given distance at said discharge end during one revolution of said drum, said drum being adapted to be rotated in one direction, charge distributing means including a plurality-of circumferentially spaced end edge portions on said drum extending helically at said discharge end, and a corresponding number of substantiallyidentical tapered trailing distributing tongues each having a root portion joined to said body portion and a tip portion extending circumferentially in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, said tongues each having an inner edge diverging from the adjacent end edge portion of said body portion in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, and said tongues each having an outer edge comprising an extension of an end edge portion of said body portion.

8. In combination with a rotatable drum having a body portion supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material charged therein will travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during each revolution of said drum, means for rotating said drum in one direction, charge distributing means including an end edge portion on said drum extending helically at said discharge end of said body portion at an angle such that, at any point thereon spaced circumferentially from a starting point, said end edge portion will be disposed a distance axially from said starting point equal substantially to the distance said material would travel axially at said discharge end of said drum during rotation through an arc equal to the angular distance from said starting point to said circumferentially spaced point in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, and a tapered trailing distributing tongue having a root portion joined to said body portion and a tip portion extending circumferentially in a direction opposite to said direction of rotation of said drum, said tongue having an inner edge diverging from said end edge portion of said body portion in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum.

9. In combination with a rotatable drum having a body portion supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material charged therein will travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during each revolution of said drum, means for rotating said drum in one direction, charge distributing means including an end edge portion on said drum extending helically at said discharge end of said body portion at an angle such that, at any point thereon spaced circumferentially from a starting point, said end edge portion will be disposed a distance axially from said starting point equal at least to the distance said material would travel axially at said discharge end of said drum during rotation through an are equal to the angular distance from said starting point to said circumferentially spaced point in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, and a tapered trailing distributing tongue having a root portion joined to said body portion and a tip portion extending circumferentially in a direction opposite to said direction of rotation of said drum, said tongue having an inner edge diverging from said end edge portion of said body portion in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum.

10. In combination with a rotatable drum having a body portion supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material charged therein will travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during one revolution of said drum, said drum being adapted to be rotated in one direction, charge distributing means including an end edge portion on said drum extending helically at said discharge end of said body portion, and a tapered trailing distributing tongue having an outer edge comprising an extension of said helical end edge portion of said drum and an inner edge converging toward said outer edge in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum.

11. In combination with a rotatable drum having a body portion supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material charged therein will' travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during one revolution of said drum, said drum being adapted to be rotated in one direction, charge distributing means including an end edge portion on said drum extending helically at said discharge end of said body portion, and a tapered trailing distributing tongue having an outer edge comprising an extension of said helical end edge portion of said drum and an inner edge converging toward said outer edge in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, the axial width of said tongue being greatest at its inner end adjacent said body portion and diminishing to the outer end thereof.

12. In combination with a rotatable drum having a body portion supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material therein will travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during one revolution of said drum, said drum being adapted to be rotated in one direction, charge distributing means including an end edge portion on said drum extending helically at said discharge end of said body portion at an angle such that said end edge portion, at any circumferentially spaced point from a starting point, will be disposed a distance axially from said starting point equal substantially to the distance said material would travel axially at said discharge end of said drum during rotation through an arc equal to the angular distance from said starting point to said circumferentially spaced point in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum, and a trailing distributing tongue having an outer edge comprising an extension of said helical end edge portion of said drum and an inner edge converging toward said outer edge in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum.

13. Charge distributing means for a rotatable drum supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material charged therein will travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during each revolution of said drum in one direction including, an end edge portion on said drum extending from a starting point at said discharge end thereof helically to an outer extremity at an angle such that, at any particular point thereon spaced circumferentially from said starting point, said end edge portion will be disposed a distance axially from said starting point equal substantially to the distance said material would travel axially at said discharge end of said drum during rotation through an are equal to the annular distance from said starting point to said particular point in a direction opposite to said direction of rotation of said drum, and a trailing distributing edge portion on said drum extending from said outer extremity of said end edge portion back to said discharge end of said body portion.

14. Charge distributing means for a rotatable drum supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material charged therein will travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during each revolution of said drum in one direction including, an end edge portion on said drum extending from a starting point at said discharge end thereof helically to an outer extremity at an angle such that, at any particular point thereon spaced circumferentially from said starting point, said end edge portion will be disposed a distance axially from said starting point equal substantially to the distance said material would travel axially at said discharge end of said drum during rotation through an arm equal to the angular distance from said starting point to said particular point in a direction opposite to said direction of rotation of said drum, and a trailing distributing edge portion on said drum extending from said outer extremity of said end edge portion back to said discharge end of said body portion at a point lying on a plane normal to the axis of rotation of said drum and passing through said starting point.

15. Charge distributing means for a rotatable drum supported with its discharge end lower than its other end whereby a given material charged therein will travel axially at said discharge end a given distance during each --I2,822',.076 511 1' 12 revolution of saidmrum intone;direction.; i1ichiding,ran portion on said :drum extending' inthe direction: of Iota- -end edge portion on :saiddrum extendingifrom atstarting tion-tof :sa'id dr umfromsaid outer extremity of said-end npointvat said-'di'schargea end-thereof helically to an outer :edge portion-backntosaid discharge end of said body porextremity at-an iztngle such that atanyrdparticular point :tionatg pointjyingi'on a plane normal-to the axis of thereon spaced circumferentiallytrom said starting point, 5 'rotation.;of::said drum andypassing' through said starting said end edge portion-will: be: disposed a distance axially point. i f-romwa'id starting point equal? substantiallwto the: distance said material wouldtravelaxiallyat said discharge References-Cited iII-thefillQOf this Patent end of said drum: during rotationithroughant-arc equal UNITED,STATESI PATENTS -to thc angular distance from said starting point toesaid 10 in H ,particUlar point inadirection opposite to r'saiddirection 27o7304 Haley May 1955 K of-rot'ation of said drum; and a trailing distributingtedge 

